Working Principle of Organic Fertilizer Production Equipment: 6 Core Machines Explained in Detail
Organic fertilizer production equipment is the core carrier of the organic fertilizer production process, and its working efficiency and stability directly determine the quality of organic fertilizer products and the economic benefits of enterprises. Understanding the working principle of organic fertilizer production equipment is the basis for realizing scientific operation and reducing equipment failure rate.This article will focus on the working principle of these 6 core organic fertilizer production equipment, helping readers establish a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of organic fertilizer production equipment.
Overview of Organic Fertilizer Production Equipment
Organic fertilizer production equipment is a general term for a series of specialized equipment used to process organic raw materials into high-quality organic fertilizer products. According to the production process, it can be divided into pre-treatment equipment, fermentation equipment, processing equipment and post-treatment equipment. The pre-treatment equipment is mainly used for crushing, mixing and dehydrating of raw materials; the fermentation equipment is responsible for the aerobic fermentation and maturity of raw materials; the processing equipment completes the granulation, drying and cooling of fermented materials; the post-treatment equipment is used for screening, coating and packaging of finished products.
Each type of organic fertilizer production equipment has a unique working principle, and the coordination between different equipment ensures the continuity and efficiency of the organic fertilizer production line. Mastering the working principle of each key equipment can help operators quickly identify and solve equipment failures, optimize operation parameters, and improve production efficiency. Next, we will focus on explaining the working principle of 6 core organic fertilizer production equipment.
Working Principle of 6 Core Organic Fertilizer Production Equipment
- Compost turner
This equipment is specially designed for fermentation process of organic raw materials by improving the air permeability of material pile and adjusting the temperature and moisture of the pile.Compost turner is usually equipped a rotating stirring blade or spiral auger.
When working, the blade penetrates into the material pile and turns, lifts and flips the material under the drive of the motor. On the one hand, this process can fully contact the material with air, provide sufficient oxygen for aerobic microorganisms, and promote the metabolic activity of microorganisms; on the other hand, it can evenly distribute the heat generated by fermentation in the material pile, avoid local overheating or low temperature, and at the same time volatilize excess moisture in the material.The common type includes crawler compost turner,groove type compost turner and wheel type compost turner.They are different in using method but have the same principle.
- Crusher
The working principle of the fertilizer crusher is to break large-particle organic raw materials into fine powder through mechanical force, so as to improve the mixing uniformity and granulation effect. Taking the common vertical shaft crusher as an example, the equipment is mainly composed of chain,maintenance hatch,rotor disk,bushing,spindle,inlet and motor etc.When the raw materials enter the crushing cavity, the high-speed rotating rotor drives the hammer head to hit the raw materials strongly, breaking the large particles into small pieces. Then, the broken materials collide with the lining plate of the crushing cavity again, and are further crushed into fine powder that meets the requirements.
- Double shaft mixer
The double shaft mixer has two parallel rotating shafts,which realizes the uniform mixing of multiple raw materials through relative rotation of the twin spiral blades.When working, the raw materials are fed into the mixing cavity from the feed port. The two shafts rotate in the opposite direction, and the spiral blades push the raw materials to move forward while stirring them.The core of this equipment’s working principle is to use the spiral stirring structure to enhance the stirring effect and ensure the consistency of the nutrient content of the mixed materials. 
This step is to make the fine powder materials roll and agglomerate into granules under the combined action of rotation, spray liquid and friction.The common equipment is rotary dram granulator with an inclined structure,which is mainly composed of a rotating drum, a driving device, a feeding device, a spraying system and a supporting frame. When working, the motor drives the drum to rotate at a constant speed through the driving device. The pre-mixed fine powder materials are continuously fed into the drum from the feeding end.
- Dryer
The working principle of the fertilizer dryer is to evaporate moisture in wet granules via heat transfer between hot air and granules for storage stability. Taking rotary dryer as an example, wet granules enter the rotating drum, are lifted and scattered by internal lifting plates to increase contact with hot air.Hot air transfers heat to evaporate moisture into vapor, which is discharged, and dried granules are discharged.
- Packaging machine
Composed of feeding, weighing, bagging, sewing and conveying systems, it works as follows: finished granules are sent to the weighing hopper; when reaching the preset weight, feeding stops, granules are discharged into bags, then bags are sewn and conveyed to the storage area. Its core is to realize automated and standardized links via precise electrical control for higher efficiency and less manual intervention.
Selection Suggestions Based on the Working Principle of Organic Fertilizer Production Equipment
When selecting organic fertilizer production equipment, enterprises should combine the working principle of the equipment with their own production needs to ensure that the selected equipment is suitable and efficient:
Production scale:For small-scale production, it is recommended to select small and flexible equipment such as groove type compost turner, flat die granulator; for large-scale production, it is necessary to select large-scale equipment with high efficiency such as crawler compost turner, rotary drum granulator that is suitable for continuous operation.
Raw material type:It is important to find the right crusher and granulator according to the raw material type.A powerful crusher is needed when coping with livestock manure with high moisture content.It’s recommended to select a crusher with strong shearing capacity and a granulator with good adaptability when dealing with crop straw which has high fiber content.
Environmental protection measures:In areas with strict environmental protection requirements, it is necessary to select equipment with good sealing performance such as closed fermentation tank to avoid dust and odor pollution.
Production requirements:If producing granular organic fertilizer with high roundness requirements, it is recommended to select a rotary drum granulator or double roller granulator.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Working Principle of Organic Fertilizer Production Equipment
- What is the core difference between the working principle of drum granulator and double roller granulator?
Drum granulator forms granules by rolling and bonding, while double roller granulator by extrusion, with higher efficiency for low-viscosity materials.
- Why does the compost turner need to be turned regularly during operation?
Regular turning improves pile air permeability, ensures aerobic fermentation oxygen supply and adjusts temperature and moisture.
- How does the moisture content of raw materials affect the working principle of the fertilizer dryer?
Excessive moisture increases dryer load and prolongs time, while too low causes energy waste, requiring reasonable control.
- Can the working parameters of organic fertilizer production equipment be adjusted according to the product requirements?
Yes, parameters can be adjusted according to finished product requirements to achieve ideal production effect.
- What is the key to ensuring the stable operation of organic fertilizer production equipment?
The key is to understand working principles, standardize operation and do well in daily maintenance and overhaul.
Conclusion
The above 6 core machines are closely linked and cooperate with each other, forming a complete organic fertilizer production process.Understanding the working principle of organic fertilizer production equipment is really crucial when deciding a proper equipment for the whole organic fertilizer production line for enterprises.It can help them better optimize production lines, select suitable equipment according to their own needs, and enhance core competitiveness.
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